ANALISIS TEKANAN DAN DEBIT ALIRAN PADA JARINGAN PIPA DISTRIBUSI AIR BERSIH PERUMDA TIRTA BATANGHARI KECAMATAN MUARA BULIAN MENGGUNAKAN SOFTWARE EPANET 2.2

Abstract

The performance of a drinking water distribution network highly depends on pressure and flow parameters to ensure the continuity of water supply to customers. This study aims to evaluate the pressure and flow in the PERUMDA Tirta Batanghari pipeline network in Muara Bulian District using EPANET 2.2 hydraulic simulation. The reliability test of the network was carried out by applying a Critical Loading Scenario, where a constant flow of 150 L/s was distributed to 30 dead-end junctions. The simulation results indicate an uneven pressure distribution, with the lowest pressure at Junction 25 reaching 9.17 m—below the minimum SNI 7509:2011 standard (10 m)—and the highest pressure at Junction 36 reaching 70.18 m. In terms of flow parameters, the largest flow is concentrated in the main transmission line (Pipe 35) at 150 L/s, while the flow in the branch pipes is minimal. The relationship between these two parameters indicates that the structural bottleneck caused by the dominance of small-diameter pipes results in a severe 'flow starvation' and a drastic drop in the Hydraulic Grade Line at downstream areas. Optimization is highly recommended through pressure regulation using Pressure Reducing Valves (PRVs) and pipeline dimension reconfiguration (upsizing).